Located near the town of Alma in southeastern Nebraska, the Harlan County Museum is a local history repository that showcases the area's rich cultural heritage. Situated in the Republican River valley, the museum is housed in a former Union Pacific Railroad depot that was built in the early 1900s. This historic structure has been transformed into a 4,000-square-foot exhibit space that tells the story of Harlan County's development and growth.

The museum's collection includes over 10,000 artifacts that highlight the county's agricultural, industrial, and social history. One notable exhibit features a re-creation of a 19th-century general store, complete with period-specific merchandise and fixtures. This display provides a glimpse into the daily lives of early settlers and the crucial role that general stores played in rural communities.

Another significant exhibit at the Harlan County Museum focuses on the county's railroad history. The Union Pacific Railroad was instrumental in the development of the region, and the museum showcases a collection of locomotive equipment, railroad tools, and other artifacts that highlight the importance of the railroad in Harlan County's growth.

In addition to exhibits, the Harlan County Museum also offers a research library and archives that contain many historical documents, newspapers, and photographs related to the county's history. This resource is particularly valuable for researchers, genealogists, and local history enthusiasts who are interested in exploring the area's past. One notable collection in the archives includes the papers of U.S. Senator O.M. Hall, a prominent local politician who played a significant role in shaping Nebraska's agricultural policies.

The Harlan County Museum is operated by the Harlan County Historical Society, a non-profit organization that is dedicated to preserving and promoting the county's history. The society relies on donations, grants, and volunteer support to maintain the museum and develop new exhibits. Visitors to the museum can support the society's efforts by purchasing items from the gift shop or making a contribution to the society.

In 2011, the Harlan County Museum was recognized by the National Trust for Historic Preservation as a recipient of the Preserve America Steward award. This recognition highlights the museum's commitment to preserving the area's cultural heritage and promoting local history education.

Visitors to the Harlan County Museum can also explore the surrounding area, which offers scenic views of the Republican River valley and opportunities for outdoor recreation. The nearby Harlan County Lake State Recreation Area provides camping facilities, hiking trails, and water sports, making it an ideal destination for families and outdoor enthusiasts.

In conclusion, the Harlan County Museum is a unique cultural resource that provides a rich and immersive experience for visitors interested in local history. Through its exhibits, research library, and archives, the museum offers a compelling narrative of the area's development and growth.